abstract：:Maximal O(2) consumption (V(O)(2) max) is an index of integrated cardiopulmonary function. After having defined it, discussed its limitation, and described its measurement, we present data during and after space flight and simulation. During gravity withdrawal, V(O)(2) max stays unchanged. It suddenly drops when the s...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Ferretti G,Capelli C

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflight 24-h profiles of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded in 2 ESA-astronauts by automatic upper arm cuff measurements. In one astronaut this was combined with Portapres continuous finger blood pressure recordings. It was the intention to contrast the latter to 24-h recordings in an earlier Head-...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Karemaker JM,Berecki-Gisolf J

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cardiovascular system undergoes major changes in stress with space flight primarily related to the elimination of the head-to-foot gravitational force. A major observation has been that the central venous pressure is not elevated early in space flight yet stroke volume is increased at least early in flight. Recent...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Hughson RL

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Serotonergic (5-HT) neurons are putative central respiratory chemoreceptors, aiding in the brain's ability to detect arterial changes in PCO2 and implement appropriate ventilatory responses to maintain blood homeostasis. These neurons are in close proximity to large medullary arteries and are intrinsically chemosensit...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Corcoran AE,Hodges MR,Wu Y,Wang W,Wylie CJ,Deneris ES,Richerson GB

更新日期：2009-08-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Normal development of the lung requires coordinated activation of cascades of signaling pathways initiated by growth factors signaling through their receptors. TrkB and its ligands, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-4, belong to the neurotrophin family of growth factors, which are expressed in ...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： García-Suárez O,Pérez-Pinera P,Laurà R,Germana A,Esteban I,Cabo R,Silos-Santiago I,Cobo JL,Vega JA

更新日期：2009-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiogenic oscillations are small waves produced by heartbeats, which are superimposed on the pressure and flow signals at the airway opening. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the two main factors believed to generate these oscillations: (1) contact between heart and lungs and (2) pulmonary blood ...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Tusman G,Suarez-Sipmann F,Peces-Barba G,Climente C,Areta M,Arenas PG,Bohm SH

更新日期：2009-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Anxiety disorders, particularly panic disorder (PD), are associated with respiratory abnormalities. PD consists of unexpected panic attacks (PA) with anxiety, fear and many autonomic and respiratory symptoms. There is a substantial body of literature demonstrating that stimulation of respiration is a common event in p...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Nardi AE,Freire RC,Zin WA

更新日期：2009-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Dyspnoea, the perception of an unpleasant and/or uncomfortable sensation of breathlessness, offers several physiological, anatomical and teleological analogies with pain. Pain perception has been shown to exist in the newborn, suggesting that dyspnoea may also occur from birth onwards. The perception of breathlessness...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Schweitzer C,Marchal F

更新日期：2009-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Stimuli within the lung can cause the sensations of pain, ache, irritation and urge-to-cough. In general these are abolished or inhibited by vagal section or vagal anaesthesia, or local anaesthesia within the airways. They are present in patients with functional high cervical spinal cord transaction and after general ...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Widdicombe J

更新日期：2009-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Knowledge regarding particle deposition processes in the nasal cavity is important in aerosol therapy and inhalation toxicology applications. This paper presents a comparative study of the deposition of micron and submicron particles under different steady laminar flow rates using a Lagrangian approach. A computationa...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Wang SM,Inthavong K,Wen J,Tu JY,Xue CL

更新日期：2009-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the effects of extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) on single airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells from porcine trachea using a patch-clamp technique. ATP induced a sustained inward current. Phospholipase C inhibitor U-73122 failed to inhibit the current, suggesting the involvement of P2X receptor. A ...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Nagaoka M,Nara M,Tamada T,Kume H,Oguma T,Kikuchi T,Zaini J,Moriya T,Ichinose M,Tamura G,Hattori T

更新日期：2009-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Airway responses to intravenous (i.v.) and inhaled (i.h.) delivery of methacholine (MCh) in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mouse strains have been compared with and without ovalbumin (OVA)-induced airway inflammation. Bronchial reactivity to MCh was assessed in anaesthetised and tracheostomised animals by using an animal ventilat...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Jonasson S,Hedenstierna G,Hedenström H,Hjoberg J

更新日期：2009-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The Na+/H+ exchangers (NHEs) are a family of antiporters involved in the maintenance of neural steady-state intracellular pH. The NHE3 seems to be the predominant subtype in central chemosensitive cells. We aimed to analyze the effect of a selective NHE3 inhibition on the respiratory pattern in spontaneously breathing...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Ribas-Salgueiro JL,Matarredona ER,Sarmiento M,Ribas J,Pásaro R

更新日期：2009-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Carotid body (CB) chemoreceptors are the main sensors detecting systemic hypoxia. Studies in animals revealed that dopamine and histamine may serve as transmitters between the chemoreceptor cells and the afferent nerve. To gain insight whether histamine and dopamine could play a role in the human CB and thus be import...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Lazarov NE,Reindl S,Fischer F,Gratzl M

更新日期：2009-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Low oxygen sensing in chemoreceptor cells involves the inhibition of specific plasma membrane K(+) channels, suggesting that mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) link hypoxia to K(+) channel inhibition, subsequent cell depolarization and activation of neurotransmitter release. We have used several mitoch...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Gomez-Niño A,Agapito MT,Obeso A,Gonzalez C

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the effects of central chemoreceptor stimulation upon sympathetic modulation while minimizing baroreceptor influences, we performed a single-blind, counter-balanced, placebo-controlled trial of a modified hypercapnic/hyperoxic rebreathe protocol stimulus to activate the central chemoreflex. Muscle sympath...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Pitsikoulis C,Bartels MN,Gates G,Rebmann RA,Layton AM,De Meersman RE

更新日期：2008-12-31 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously shown that mice with near-complete absence of 5-HT neurons (Lmx1bf/f/p) display a blunted hypercapnic ventilatory response (HCVR) and impaired cold-induced thermogenesis, but have normal baseline ventilation (), core body temperature (TCore) and hypoxic ventilatory responses (HVR) at warm ambient te...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Hodges MR,Richerson GB

更新日期：2008-12-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The function of a motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates (i.e., a motor unit) determines neuromotor output. Unlike other skeletal muscles, respiratory muscles (e.g., the diaphragm, DIAm) must function from birth onwards in sustaining ventilation. DIAm motor units are capable of both ventilatory and non-venti...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Mantilla CB,Sieck GC

更新日期：2008-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Basal respiration and respiratory reflex regulations are considerably different during the awake and sleep states. Tidal volume and respiratory frequency diminish during sleep, and hypoxic and hypercapnic ventilatory responses also decline during sleep. Reduced metabolic demand during sleep cannot completely explain t...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Kuwaki T

更新日期：2008-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypoglossal motoneurons are influenced by a variety of neuromodulators, some of which change dynamically across sleep-wake states to alter motoneuron excitability and responses to pharmacological manipulations. Determining the mechanisms underlying the modulation of hypoglossal motoneurons during sleep is relevant to ...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Horner RL

更新日期：2008-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The landmark demonstrations in 2005 that ATP released centrally during hypoxia and hypercapnia contributes to the respective ventilatory responses validated a decade-old hypothesis and ignited interest in the potential significance of P2 receptor signaling in central respiratory control. Our objective in this review i...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Funk GD,Huxtable AG,Lorier AR

更新日期：2008-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:This special issue of Respiratory Physiology and Neurobiology surveys a broad range of topics focused on the neurochemical control of breathing. A variety of approaches have integrated the neurochemistry of breathing with the physiology of individual neurons, with the neuroanatomy of brainstem and forebrain respirator...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： McCrimmon DR,Mitchell GS,Alheid GF

更新日期：2008-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Computational model analysis has been used widely to understand and interpret complexity of interactions in the pulmonary system. Pulmonary blood transport is a multi-scale phenomenon that involves scale-dependent structure and function, therefore requiring different model assumptions for the microcirculation and the ...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Tawhai MH,Burrowes KS

更新日期：2008-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Lung ventilation is a mechanical process in which the respiratory muscles are acting in concert to remove air in and out of the lungs. Any alteration in the performance of the respiratory muscle may reduce the effectiveness of ventilation. Thus, early diagnosis of their weakness is vital for treatment and rehabilitati...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Ratnovsky A,Elad D,Halpern P

更新日期：2008-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The respiratory mucociliary epithelium is a synchronized and highly effective waste-disposal system. It uses mucus as a vehicle, driven by beating cilia, to transport unwanted particles, trapped in the mucus, away from the respiratory system. The ciliary machinery can function in at least two different modes: a low ra...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Braiman A,Priel Z

更新日期：2008-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:This study aimed to determine whether the route of administration of methacholine (MCh) influenced the pattern of airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) in mice. BALB/c mice were inoculated with a 50-microL volume containing 10(4.5)-pfu Influenza virus A/Mem/1/71(H3N1) or media. MCh responsiveness in vivo [inhaled (0.01-30...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Bozanich EM,Gualano RC,Zosky GR,Larcombe AN,Turner DJ,Hantos Z,Sly PD

更新日期：2008-08-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypoxic exposure lasting a few hours results in an elevation of ventilation and a lowering of end-tidal P(CO2) (P(ET(CO2))) that persists on return to breathing air. We sought to determine whether this increment in ventilation is fixed (hypothesis 1), or whether it increases in proportion to the rise in metabolic rate...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Herigstad M,Fatemian M,Robbins PA

更新日期：2008-08-31 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared the effect of oxygen on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in six obstructive sleep apnea patients with a relatively high loop gain (LG) and six with a low LG. LG is a measure of ventilatory control stability. In the high LG group (unstable ventilatory control system), oxygen reduced the LG from 0.69+/-0.18 to...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Wellman A,Malhotra A,Jordan AS,Stevenson KE,Gautam S,White DP

更新日期：2008-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Small increases in respiratory dead space (VD) augment the exercise ventilatory response by a serotonin-dependent mechanism known as short-term modulation (STM). We tested the hypotheses that the relevant serotonin receptors for STM are in the spinal cord, and are of the 5-HT2-receptor subtype. After preparing adult f...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Mitchell GS,Turner DL,Henderson DR,Foley KT

更新日期：2008-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:There are many reports of olfactory impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and the impairment can be observed before the appearance of typical PD symptom. Accordingly, olfactory screening tests may predict disease onset and indicates a need for early treatment before classic signs of the disease. Olfacti...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Masaoka Y,Satoh H,Kawamura M,Homma I

更新日期：2008-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Muscular diseases are characterized by progressive loss of muscle strength, resulting in cough ineffectiveness with its deleterious effects on the respiratory system. Assessment of cough effectiveness is therefore a prominent component of the clinical evaluation and respiratory care in these patients. Owing to uneven ...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Lanini B,Masolini M,Bianchi R,Binazzi B,Romagnoli I,Gigliotti F,Scano G

更新日期：2008-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the role of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the control of breathing. Baseline breathing at rest and ventilatory responses to brief exposures to hypoxia (10% O(2)) and hypercapnia (3% and 5% CO(2)), measured by whole-body plethysmography in partially restrained animals, were compared in mice lack...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Boudinot E,Champagnat J,Foutz AS

更新日期：2008-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Individuals susceptible to high altitude pulmonary edema show altered pulmonary vascular responses within minutes of exposure to hypoxia. We hypothesized that a similar acute-phase vulnerability to hypoxia may exist in the brain of individuals susceptible to acute mountain sickness (AMS). In established AMS ...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Dyer EA,Hopkins SR,Perthen JE,Buxton RB,Dubowitz DJ

更新日期：2008-02-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The impact of lung remodelling in respiratory mechanics has been widely studied in bleomycin-induced lung injury. However, little is known regarding the relationship between the amount of lung inflammation and pulmonary tissue mechanics. For this purpose, rats were intratracheally instilled with bleomycin (n=29) or sa...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Pinart M,Serrano-Mollar A,Negri EM,Cabrera R,Rocco PR,Romero PV

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms involved in the fall of exhaled nitric oxide (NOe) concentration occurring in normal, anesthetized open chest rabbits with prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV) at low lung volume have been investigated. NOe, pH of exhaled vapor condensate, serum prostaglandin E(2), and F(2alpha), tumor necrosis factor ...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： D'Angelo E,Koulouris NG,Della Valle P,Gentile G,Pecchiari M

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disease due to Mecp2 gene mutations that is associated to complex neurological symptoms, with bioaminergic deficits and life-threatening apneas related to sudden and unexpected death. In male mice, Mecp2-deficiency similarly induces medullary bioaminergic deficits, severe apneas a...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Zanella S,Mebarek S,Lajard AM,Picard N,Dutschmann M,Hilaire G

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aquaporins (AQPs) are small, integral membrane proteins that facilitate water transport across cell membranes in response to osmotic gradients. Water transport across epithelia and endothelia in the peripheral lung and airways occurs during airway hydration, alveolar fluid transport and submucosal gland secretion. Sev...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Verkman AS

更新日期：2007-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The regulatory effect of substance P on respiration is mediated via neurokinin (NK) receptors. While previous studies suggest that NK-1 receptors are involved, little is known about the role NK-2 receptors in ventilatory responses to hypoxia. Ventilatory responses to acute hypoxia (8% O2 in N2) were measured by indire...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Grasemann H,Gerard NP,De Sanctis GT

更新日期：2007-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypoxia leads to pulmonary vasoconstriction in healthy men. However, the consequences on right ventricular function are not known. The effects of hypoxia on systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) and right ventricular function index (TEI) were assessed by Doppler echocardiography. Fourteen members of a Mount Everes...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： Reichenberger F,Kohstall MG,Seeger T,Olschewski H,Grimminger F,Seeger W,Ghofrani HA

更新日期：2007-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Lower thoracic spinal cord stimulation (SCS) results in the generation of large positive airway pressures. The potential effects of diaphragm co-activation during SCS were investigated in 10 anesthetized dogs. Diaphragm compound action potentials (CMAPs) were present during SCS at the T10 and T12 levels. In group 1, a...

journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology

authors： DiMarco AF,Kowalski KE,Romaniuk JR

更新日期：2007-10-15 00:00:00